Aeroplane



1.599,468 A. E.l HENDERSON AERCPLANE N` IFiled July 9, 1917 5 sheets-sheet s l l l l l u l gwwnlo Sept. 14 1926.

A. E. Henderson' ariane q Patented Sept. 14, 1925. i "ii-"f UNITED: STATES 'PATENT OFFICE- ALBERT ENNIs HENDERSON, orl TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA -v Application filed July 9,

, yThe objectof the invention is to pro- 'l with a minimum speed of progressive'move-v ment inmaneuverin ,Y the stable support o a pendentcar which n Y, may be used offensively or defensively with -vide an aeroplane with means for, effecting bodily transverse movement thereofyin order 'to change itsl position upwardly, downwardly, and laterally in eitherfdirection mentito sustain the structurey while Itravelling at a moderate rate of speed, to correct the tendency to side drift due to cross currents, of air, and tosecure rapidity of movewhile prov'idingwfor .outintertering with, the lmanipulation of the 'machine and under such conditions as to maximizerthe eliiciency of the oifensive and defensive equipment.

y Further objects and 'advantages' o f 'the in vention willk appear hereinafter, it beingjy which may be used in .the support ofthey (pendent, member;

` Fig;i 5 is a detail sectional viewshowing the gyroscopic stabilizer;

y Fig. 6 is a detail view of the wornitrans-y mission gearsfor the auxiliaryplanes, p

ln 'the illustrated structure a conventional kloi-m of aeroplane proper is employed, the

f "same embodying a. frame 10, propellers 11 and' guiding means including' a rear rudder '12 and 'a front elevating and depressing plane 13, and also the lateral sustaining A. planes, upper and lower, shownatlland15.1A

" Arranged aboveA the structure and suit-y Vably supportedy asby extensions 160i` the upright's'" of themain viranfie is la 'series vof,` 1 auxiliary sustainingplanes 17, mountedupv onhorizontal axes' 18, preferably `consisting of rods extending y`transversely' with two auxiliary,planesbneach y rofl and designed' for 'sii'nultanjeofusi.ilvement either direci tion.'- "As illustratedtwoA setsfof these tra-ns#` .verselycon'nectedauxlhary Vplanes are Vsm-1f r Playas sa@ este .b9-ulg located 91.1` she;

AneoPLANE.A

1917.` serieu Nb. '1 79',513.

side of the longitudinalV centervof. the man chine'with an intervening space, and fore andl aft these planes 'are distributed, vso that corresponding numbers are varranged in front and inr rear of themid-length point or,` center ot gravity the ystructure to equalize the sustaining leffect fore and aft and provide for -`a bodily transverse, that is lupwardor downward,*1novement of' the entire structure. lfByy adjusting these sustaining yplanes at an inclination upward-:to-y ward their forward edges,.to a greater' or less degree'it is possible with a comparatively slow progressive ,movement of the machine to maintain the sameuat'yany desired elevation. y l v t In practice it is desirable to el'ect a/simultaneous adjustment'of allof these sustainthereof may be provided with worm gears 19 meshing4 with worms `2O `carried by an ing planes, and 'to this end'the'spin'dles ,18A

operating shaft`21 extending theifull length ofthe seriesot planes and adapted to be lturned in .either direction byany suitable means, manual or motor.

Similarly, ffor eiecting transverse bodily movementl of the machine .to oneside or the other, or laterally, a longitudinal s eries oflaxially vertical planes 22 may be employed, mounted'in a suitablesuperstructure partly in section 23 preferably over the longitudinal axis of the machine and having theirspindles 24 provided with worm gears25 meshing with f worms 26 onv an operating shaft27, lalso extending longitudinally of the machine and adapted to be operated by anyk suitable.l

means. The advantagein using wormsand 1 intermeshing gears for the y"adjustment of `the planes resides in the factithat' they are substantially locked and held` at any desired adjustment, inclination, pitch' or deilection, y,without auxiliary locking means. y

y The auxiliary, yertical or'flaterally defleeting -planes 22, as ldescribedwith" reference to the/vertically "directing planes, are evenly distributedtore and 'raft-.of "a mid.-

length point or the centerof `gravity of the i l machine so, lthatia bodily displacem'ent,y of the `machine t ineither direction` may be secured with' a "comparatively {slojw progressivekr movement of thefsame, .and moreover these axially vertical planesy maybe ad- .justed to a greatervor less delectiongfrom 'the' vertical plane '.offthe p axial `line lof the 1 machine, Qt'o compensate t for sidey currents 4of arifrorrl any dr'estofi; to, Ove-litem? a lendyzo ` ACarried by' the' aboie Vdescribed dirigible supportingniember isa peridreiijtI member 28, referabl A, havin@ ,its aolnt .of sus Denslon v it) fromthe'supporting member at or belowlthe' axis or the horizontal plane et the center of gira'vityYof supporting," memberand pro-l vided with stabilizingineans such, asa gyroscopel 29, v lsaid `rsuspension point being equipped with. an universal joint 30, illus tlrated'in'y detail inf'iguref, orr any' equivalent thereof. T hen'iounting illustrated, enibodies a` head 31 onthe ste1n32 of the pendentV memberI the iiii'der side of the lieadjbe-4 ing* convened spherically for cooperation Withaspherically eoneatved -seat/38 on the rain'eWorl' off the supporting rne1nber,with anffinterposedf concave-convex lioating element inte'rpos ed between the faces: of said' head and seat Iwith its su'racesin turn sepa-y rated reispectiyely from theilhead land seat by interposed yanti-friction "elements and 36, each .of Vwhich consistent a suitablecage1 inl which is seated aplualityofanti-frietion balls.`- fThe VAopening .;in the seat@ through vvi'liich ,the stein exteilidfsfshould bepniadelo a' diametersuificient to yfallowv for desired deflection otthesupporting member from a horizontal position, 4`,While the registering openingin thevfloatzing member ehouldf be ofless :diameter to provide `for movement of the floating member in anydireetion Jdiie to the excessive inclinationI of the supporting rneinbeiywhile prnjidiingfor 'a subs tanwtial for or support of said pendentmember. Stops andfareprovided on the V`iolating memberoi'or preventing disp-lace-Y nientoftheiantijtrietion ele'nients. i- .,:Al'so yielding; guys` 39` may@L be. l employed' as' snoek. absorbers, the Same having springs 40 or equyalents thereof, andy also toeounter acta; any'itendency ofthe p'ender'itl member to receive a rot-atory. morementg Moreover the pendent'. member, ame? .be enstructeduin the vforni I`f ,an ofensive ordefensiye ,cagej or ear, equipped with.; Suitable armament such as trpedoVdis'cha-rb tubes Ztl, ,Wliiehzdue touthe ystabilied f efnploye'dwith. a'c'bui Guin "ilsaft'erthep 11n mbe Nifithr erence t of attack the, cnntrolln 'toning meinten ethnie/bn uibja 1;-

attaclrfisymoviiig, theli-Speedj.and;kv direetion of progressief the structure mayA be adjusted to correspond With that of said object or target',-WliereuponL-it isa -n'iatter'simply oi" calcul-ation, taking into consideration elevation and' Wind drift,v to discharge the missile so as to .accomplish its purpose.

Having described the invention what I Claim iS.: v .U e

lfae'i'foplane :lifaving pr'ope'lling and guiding ineansi* andI supplementaln planes,y distribiitedwfold' lait' Qt', inidderigth of the naehine'gforfimparting a bodily'.trans-` vf drift' tlifere'to,L af` pendenw ,uniyersfally n yabl,`ea 1' ie'flf thesupportingimembei', .and re flieht, Shtk ,absorbinplhen' eS- s'oei'ated W'ith said" car for stieadying the An eroplane hayngvprpp'ell'ini" and' lining Aand drift planes dis- 'l1 IafLMt'i'gt tlife"y point'oflsup t mme? edfA above-the f, alil resilient' SHQ@k Y? planejtll means l Steadymg, .the ,Same i 3'. An fiere 1121,11@ bia Qfuprblf., the vertical resilient shock absorbingL mea 1 `r with ,saidzcar for steadying lthe *s seriesnponeither side, ,oit the'y vertical longi! tiid'i'na'lplane ofltliedpoiiitf support ofsaid Pnden't-lmenbi, alivliy, xflllyiertcal planes disposed iii the" Vertical.:longitudinal plane er point. ,of ,sunpt Q'tSai'd pendent member, and inel Justlng lsaid Taun-,Iliary planes. t

S; a, pendent; stabilize@ Car, t

associated with said car for guiding mean`s`, a pendent stabilizedlIneinberl ,directing i independently ad- Y stabilized ear on the fuselage,

and a series of drift planes between said series of auxiliary sustaining planes said drift planes being adjustable on vertical axes, substantially as set forth.

8. An aeroplane comprising a-fuselage, a

silient shock-absorbing means extending forward and rearward from the lower portion of said car, said resilient means `being connected to the fuselage, substantially as set forth. A

9. An aeroplane comprising a fuselage,- a concave seat on the fuselage, a suspended car,

and a rea steni'on the car having a -convex lower surface corresponding to said concave seat, a plurality of anti-friction bearings between said surfaces, and a floating spacer interposed between said bearings said spacer having flanges for limiting its lateral movement and holding the anti-friction 'bearings against excessive displacement, substantially as set forth.

This specication signed and witnessed 

